I think its a clamp for holding bar stock in a vice ?View attachment 181247
Could it be part of the clamp set for the precision steel thick walled pipes that get steel bevelled nipples pressed on the ends of the pipe ? No flaring is needed on that tool nor did the clamp bars always have internal ribs in the holes to grip the pipes , nipping the clamps split end in the vice was enough for the job .Looks like that sort of thing, obviously doesn't have the tapers/chamfers it would need for flaring pipes