Not meaning to sound funny here but if you're carrying out that type of work shouldn't you already know that?
It sounds pretty specialist type stuff, not something you'd contemplate if you weren't fully qualified and experienced.
This is what we do at work for tapping into live services when there is no way of isolating or removing parts to add take off tees etc,
Water:- Cut and shape a piece of pipe with either a flange or a thread on the other end. Weld onto pipework in required position. Fit a FULL BORE VALVE. Pressure test. Employ a live driller, who is then able to attach a fully sealed hand drill to the other end of the valve. Drill through the valve and through the pipework. Once the pipe has been cut through, the pressure of the water is normally enough to hold ''the slug'' in the drill bit. The drill is retracted and the valve is closed. The drilling rig is then removed and a blank is placed onto the then live valve until the necessary parts have been fabricated.
GAS:- Get measurements of pipework existing and new take-off. give them to a live drilller. He will then come with the approapriate saddle needed to do the job required. He puts a gas resistant rubber round the pipe. Then bolts the saddle around this. ( crudeley put, this is a tee cut lenghtways in two halves, which allow him to wrap it around the pipe). Then attach the valve to the new take off on the saddle. Pressure test. Once this is done, the same method of drilling is used as for the water break-ins.
Always ask for ''the slug'', so that you can show your client that it hasnt been left in the pipework.