I plan to fab an exhaust manifold for a turbocharged car. I was looking to use 303 SS, but I see from a suppliers website that free machining grades are not usually recommended for welding. What do you guys recommend
Being a machining grade 303 is typically only available as bar anyway. For the pipework 321 is one of the better grades for turbo applications, well at least until you price the stuff! Because 321 is relatively hard to find and spendy most people use 304L or 316L on the grounds that it's available everywhere and increase the wall thickness (sch 10 or thicker pipe instead of 1.5mm wall tube) to compensate as 304/316 aren't as 'good' at turbo manifold operating temps- intermittant max service temps/creep strength etc. The heavy wall pipe bend approach works fine with mild steel too.
Thin wall tube can be made to work if enough thought is put into supporting the turbo in a way which allows things to move for expansion/contraction as it's heat cycled. There's not much margin for error in that it's extremely common for cracks to grow from the smallest of welding flaws though.
Thanks Hotrodder, just found out I cannot get 303 in flat at all, so I ordered 304 in 10mm flat, plenty of coolant and patience on the milling machine. I will be using 316L in sch 10, no place really for a good support on a 5 cyl Fiat Coupe.