Once I get rust in them I start with a mechanical clean with nuts or ball bearings in paraffin then use the POR15 kit and just coat it as the instructions, saves repeating the exercise every few years: https://www.frost.co.uk/por15-motorcycle-fuel-tank-repair-kit/
Caustic soda works best for my long standing vintage bikes. It’s so cheap. Put it into water and brim the tank.
I finish of by using those nasty plasterboard screws. There’s nothing more evil than those as they’re pointed, sharp and cut into your fingers and make everything other ideas like nuts, bolts, chains look tame.
That ****e that’s looks like stone is old petrol!!
I used a good strong mix of hot citric acid & some s/s nuts to clean a petrol tank on a small petrol engine that was rusty inside. After an overnight soak & some shaking around I was surprised how well it worked.