It is my understanding that you need to make sure of what type of cast. braze welding is best apparently, heating up parent metal is a good idea but i was told to put it in sand or some thing similar the idea is to slow down the cool down rate as much as possible. what are you welding cause if it says cast it doesn't always mean cast iron.
I've welded a few exhaust manifolds and a couple of cast cylinder heads in the past. I use a (DIY) method suggested by one of the old boys I worked with years ago.
Prepare the area, grind file etc. if its a crack, V it to get decent penetration. Put it in the oven cold, turn on to maximum, let it get up to temperature slowly. Remove from oven, Arc weld (using cast or stainless rods), return to oven. After about ten mins, start to turn oven down gradually over a couple of hours and allow to cool in the oven.
Anything that wont fit in the oven, I give to a local engineering firm to do (usually costs a few beer tokens).
I'm not saying it's the right way, but it works for me.
There's several methods, link explains in far more detail but in a nutshell either get the entire thing 'kin hot, keep it hot throughout the repair and very slow cool afterwoods or keep it cool to the touch throughout http://www.twi.co.uk/content/jk25.html